Peridot

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs); Color: Olive-green, lime-green, yellowish-green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.2–3.4.

Formation & Geological History

Formed deep in the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by tectonic or volcanic activity. It is also found in pallasite meteorites from outer space.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for August). Historically used in amulets and talismans.

Geological Facts

Peridot is one of the only gemstones that comes in only one color: green. Large specimens were historically often confused with emeralds, such as the 'emeralds' in the Cologne Cathedral's Three Holy Kings shrine.

Field Identification & Locations

Identified by its distinctive lime-green color and strong double refraction. Commonly found in basaltic rocks, notably in Arizona (USA), Myanmar, Pakistan, and Egypt's St. John's Island.

Identified on: 4/27/2026

Mode: Standard