metamorphic
Jade (Jadeite or Nephrite)
Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) or Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Hardness: 6.0–7.0 Mohs; Color: Varies from emerald green to white or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: None (fibrous/interlocking microstructure); Specific Gravity: 2.9–3.3.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Varies from emerald green to white or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0–7.0 Mohs; Color: Varies from emerald green to white or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: None (fibrous/interlocking microstructure); Specific Gravity: 2.9–3.3.
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic rocks under high pressure and low temperature conditions, typically associated with subduction zones. Most deposits are millions of years old.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry (bangles, beads), ornamental carvings, and historical tools or weapons due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Jade is known as the 'Stone of Heaven' in Chinese culture. While commonly green, pure jadeite is actually colorless; the green hue comes from trace amounts of chromium.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'cold' feel to the touch and high resonance (clinking two pieces creates a musical ring). Common locations include Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, Russia, and Canada.
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