mineral
Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs), Color: Colorless/Transparent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal System: Trigonal (hexagonal prism), Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture, Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs), Color: Colorless/Transparent, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal System: Trigonal (hexagonal prism), Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture, Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or hydrothermal solutions in rock cavities. Found in all types of geological environments (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) across all geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics for its piezoelectric properties, glassmaking, jewelry, sandpaper, and as a popular collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It was historically believed by the Greeks to be ice that was permanently frozen because it was found in glaciers.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hexagonal point shape, lack of cleavage, and ability to scratch glass. Found globally, with notable deposits in Brazil, Arkansas (USA), and Madagascar.
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Green Apatite on Albite
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Epidote
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