Gold

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Metallic yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (pure)

Formation & Geological History

Formed in hydrothermal quartz veins and as placer deposits where it is eroded from primary sources. It is often associated with igneous intrusions.

Uses & Applications

Primary use in jewelry, electronics, financial reserves (bullion), and aerospace due to its high conductivity and resistance to corrosion.

Geological Facts

Gold is so malleable that a single ounce can be beaten into a sheet covering 100 square feet. It is one of the least reactive chemical elements.

Field Identification & Locations

Identified in the field by its high density (weight), yellow streak, and extreme malleability (it bends rather than shatters). Found in major deposits in South Africa, China, and Australia.

Identified on: 4/21/2026

Mode: Standard