![Lapis Lazuli (in Matrix) (Na8[Al6Si6O24]S2 (Lazurite as the primary component)) — metamorphic](https://media.rockidentification.com/891d52ec-eb7f-4181-997a-09dbf816fe32-compressed.jpg)
metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli (in Matrix)
Na8[Al6Si6O24]S2 (Lazurite as the primary component)
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Deep celestial blue with golden pyrite inclusions and white/yellowish calcite matrix; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Isometric (usually occurs in massive form); Specific Gravity: 2.38-2.45.
- Hardness
- 5-5
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Deep celestial blue with golden pyrite inclusions and white/yellowish calcite matrix; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Isometric (usually occurs in massive form); Specific Gravity: 2.38-2.45.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of limestone or marble into a contact metamorphic rock. Frequently found in heat-altered limestone zones; deposits can range from Precambrian to much younger geological ages depending on local tectonic history.
Uses & applications
Used historically as a pigment (ultramarine), in high-end jewelry (cabochons), carvings, and ornamental objects. Currently popular in metaphysical collecting and decorative inlay work.
Geological facts
Lapis lazuli has been mined for over 6,000 years, with the most famous mines located in the Sar-e-Sang district of Afghanistan. It was the source of the world's most expensive blue pigment until synthetics were developed in the 19th century.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its intense 'lazurite' blue color which does not fade. In the field, look for the 'royal blue' spots against a lighter, softer matrix (often calcite). High-quality pieces have minimal white calcite and evenly distributed golden pyrite. Common locations include Afghanistan, Chile, Russia, and Pakistan.
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