mineral理论上属于沉积成因
Limonite (Iron Ore)
Hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)
Hardness: 4-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellowish-brown to dark brown/black, Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.7–4.3
- Hardness
- 4-5
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Physical properties
Hardness: 4-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellowish-brown to dark brown/black, Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.7–4.3
Formation & geological history
Formed by the oxidation (weathering) of iron-bearing sulfide minerals or as a chemical precipitate in bog/marine environments. Commonly found in gossans and sedimentary strata.
Uses & applications
Traditionally used as a low-grade iron ore and as a pigment for ochre-colored paints and dyes. Used in artisanal metalwork and historical smelting.
Geological facts
Limonite is one of the oldest pigments used by humans, seen in prehistoric cave paintings. It often forms a 'rusty' coating on other rocks and minerals.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its yellow-brown streak (produced when scratched on porcelain), its lack of magnetism compared to magnetite, and its earthy, rusty appearance. Often found in soil or near iron metal deposits.