Basalt

Greenstone / Chert

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) or Altered Basalt

Wishing Stone

Greenschist or Basalt with Quartz/Calcite Vein

Ruby (in costume jewelry context)

Corundum (Al2O3) with Chromium impurities

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Pink Granite (Potassium-rich Granite)

Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock (primarily SiO2, Al2O3, K2O)

Shiva Lingam

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (Jasper/Chalcedony) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Vesicular Basalt (or Scoria)

Vesicular Basalt (Aphanitic-vesicular volcanic rock)

Larimar

Pectolite (Blue variety), NaCa2Si3O10(OH)

Druzy Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Chalcedony (Agate/Carnelian)

Cryptocrystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amethyst (Quartz Cluster)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Peridot

Olivine (Magnesium Iron Silicate - (Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Olivine (Peridot)

Magnesium Iron Silicate (Mg, Fe)2SiO4

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities (SiO2)

Pumice

Pumice (a highly vesicular extrusive igneous rock, primarily amorphous silica)

Basalt with Secondary Mineralization (Likely Zeolites or Calcite)

Aphanitic mafic volcanic rock with secondary mineral inclusions (e.g., CaAl2Si3O10·3H2O for Scolecite)

Porphyritic Basalt (or Porphyry)

Porphyritic Basalt (Mafic volcanic rock with phenocrysts)

Heulandite with Stilbite

Heulandite-Ca ((Ca,Na)2-3Al3(Al,Si)2Si13O36·12H2O) and Stilbite-Ca (NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72·28H2O)

Greenstone / Greenschist

Greenschist (composed primarily of Chlorite, Epidote, and Actinolite)

Labradorite

(Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8 (Calcium Sodium Aluminum Silicate)

Greenstone

Greenschist / Greenstone (Chlorite-Epidote facies)

Labradorite

Labradorite (Plagioclase Feldspar Series) - (Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 - Aluminum Oxide with Iron and Titanium impurities)

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Greenstone

Greenschist (metamorphosed mafic igneous rock)

Labradorite

Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8)

Indian Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Carnelian

Carnelian (Cryptocrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Greenschist

Greenschist (Chlorite-Epidote-Actinolite Schist)

Carnelian Agate

Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide impurities (SiO2)

Greenschist (Greenstone)

Chlorite Schist / Greenschist Facies Rock

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Carnelian

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide / SiO2)

Amethyst (Geode)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Greenschist

Greenschist facies rock (containing chlorite, actinolite, albite, and epidote)

Sunstone

Aventurine Feldspar (Plagioclase Feldspar with inclusions)

Greenstone / Epidosite

Metamorphosed Mafic Igneous Rock (Epidote-Chlorite group)

Larimar

Pectolite (NaCa2Si3O[OH])

Amethyst

Silicon dioxide with iron impurities (SiO2)

Botryoidal Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Epidote in Matrix (Unakite-related)

Epidosite (Ca2(Al,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH))