Sandstone
Arenite (a specific type of sandstone with less than 15% matrix)
Sedimentary rock
Category
Igneous And Fossil
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Riverstone (Sandstone Pebble)
Arenite (SiO2 with various lithic fragments)
sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (primarily Quartz and Feldspar with Iron Oxide cement)
sedimentary
Concretion or Geode (unbroken)
Varied (depending on mineral composition and cementing agent). For quartz-lined geodes, the scientific name of the dominant mineral would be Quartz (SiO2). For calcite-lined geodes, Calcite (CaCO3). Concretions are often composed of cryptocrystalline quartz (chert), calcite, or iron oxides.
Sedimentary rock (specifically a concretion or possibly a geode)
Shale with Vein Infillings
Shale (a fine-grained clastic sedimentary rock). The veins could be Calcite (CaCO3), Quartz (SiO2), or other minerals.
Sedimentary Rock
Granite
Granite
Igneous
Petrified Wood
Silicified wood (Quartz/Chalcedony)
Sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeOOH cement)
sedimentary
Apatite
Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)
mineral
Magnetite (Lodestone variety)
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite
Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)
mineral
Blue Apatite
Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)
mineral
Blue Apatite
Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)
mineral
Basalt
Basalt
Igneous
Dalmatian Jasper
Aplite with Arfvedsonite inclusions
igneous
Dalmatian Jasper
Peralkaline Quartz-Feldspar Rock with Arfvedsonite
igneous
Blue Apatite
Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
mineral
Limestone
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
sedimentary
Rose Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Blue Apatite
Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)
mineral
Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)
Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.
Igneous
Magnetite
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Sodalite
Sodalite (Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2)
mineral
Magnetite (Iron Ore)
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite (potentially Hematite)
Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)
mineral
Sodalite
Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2
mineral
Magnetite
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Granite
Granite
igneous
Pyrite
Iron Sulfide (FeS2)
mineral
White Topaz
Al2SiO4(F,OH)2
mineral
Greenstone or Epidote-rich rock
Epidote or Chlorite schist/greenstone
metamorphic
Ammolite
Ammolite (Biogenic Aragonite with trace elements; fossils of Placenticeras meeki and Placenticeras intercalare)
mineral
Sandstone
Sandstone (lithified arenite/wacke)
Sedimentary Rock
Dalmatian Jasper
Dalmatian Stone (Aplite with Arfvedsonite)
igneous
Magnetite
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite (Octahedral Crystal)
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Rose Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese
mineral
Magnetite / Iron Ore
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite (Iron Ore)
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral
Magnetite (Iron Ore)
Magnetite (Fe3O4)
mineral