Limestone

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper depending on color)

Chert (SiO2 - Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz)

Chert (Iron-stained)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Jasper/Agate variety)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Nephrite Jade

Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 (Actinolite/Tremolite series)

Rainbow Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Turquoise

Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Beryl (Emerald Variety)

Beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2), a variety of Actinolite-Tremolite

Lapis Lazuli

Complex metamorphic rock consisting mainly of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite

Ruby (Corundum)

Corundum (Aluminum Oxide with Chromium), Al2O3:Cr

Man-made Glass (Tumbled/Shaped)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metal oxide colorants

Asphalt (Aggregate)

Bituminous macadam / Concrete Aggregate

Fairburn Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Belemnite Fossil (Guard)

Belemnoidea (Carbonate/Calcite replacement)

Geode with Quartz and Chalcedony

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Malachite

Copper carbonate hydroxide Cu2CO3(OH)2

Geode (unopened)

Silica-filled Concretion (SiO2)

Banded Flint (Polished Stripe Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chert

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Aggregate primarily of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,SO4,Cl,1-2) with Calcite and Pyrite)

Chert (specifically Chalcedony or Flint variation)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Green Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

White Marble

Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)

Chert / Pink Chert

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Celestite (Celestine)

Strontium sulfate (SrSO4)

Chert (White Chert / Flint)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Concrete

Anthropogenic Sedimentary Conglomerate (Cement mixture: typically Ca2SiO4, Ca3SiO5, Ca3Al2O6)

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-dominated metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2)

Fluorite (specifically Rainbow Fluorite or Purple Fluorite)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Dendritic Agate (Tree Agate)

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with Manganese or Iron Oxide inclusions

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Metamorphic rock containing lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, calcite, and pyrite)

Rainbow Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Chert (specifically Pink/Tan Chert)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Boxwork Quartz / Septarian Jasper

Boxwork (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)

Chert (Chert Pebble)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Quartz Variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper)

Chert (Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Silica, SiO2)

Banded Calcite (variety Honey Calcite / Chocolate Calcite)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Chert (Arrowhead/Artifact Fragment)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Rough Green Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride - CaF2)