Organic Gemstone (Not A Rock)

Carnelian

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2

Garnet (likely Pyrope or Almandine)

Garnet Group (complex nesosilicate minerals, e.g., Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3, Almandine Fe3Al2(SiO4)3, Spessartine Mn3Al2(SiO4)3, Grossular Ca3Al2(SiO4)3, Andradite Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3, Uvarovite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3). The vivid red color in the image strongly suggests Pyrope or Almandine.

Smoky Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Opalite (Man-made Glass)

Fused glass (typically made of dolomite and metal opacifiers)

Quartz (various varieties)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz (likely Milky Quartz)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2)

Labradorite (likely Black Labradorite or Larvikite)

Labradorite (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)4O8. If a rock, it is typically anorthosite, gabbro, or norite, or a variety of syenite called Larvikite if it is specifically from Larvik, Norway.

Calcite

Calcite (CaCO3)

Ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃) with Chromium (Cr)

Quartz (Crystal/Druzy Quartz)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Chakra Stone (Composite / Man-made Bonded Gemstones)

Composite of Quartz, Lapis Lazuli, Aventurine, Tiger's Eye, and Jasper (SiO2, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, etc.)

Amethyst

Quartz (SiO2) with trace iron impurities

Citrine Quartz

Citrine (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Dearest Jewelry (Multigemstone)

Combination of Diamond (C), Emerald (Be3Al2Si6O18), Amethyst/Rock Crystal (SiO2), Ruby (Al2O3), Emerald (Be3Al2Si6O18), Sapphire (Al2O3), and Topaz (Al2SiO4(F,OH)2)

Lapis Lazuli

Complex metamorphic rock containing Lazurite ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2), Calcite, and Pyrite

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis lazuli (a rock primarily composed of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Tektite (likely Australite)

Tektite (no specific chemical formula as it's a natural glass of variable composition, mostly SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, MgO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2)

Blue Goldstone

Goldstone (artificial glass)

Limestone with Bitumen/Chert

Calcite (CaCO3) containing organic hydrocarbons

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Granite (a plutonic igneous rock composed primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica)

Orthoclase Feldspar

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

Dolomite

Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)

Quartz (likely a clear or rock crystal variety)

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock type, not a single mineral; main component is Lazurite (Na,Ca)8[(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2|(Al6Si6O24)])

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2, Silicon Dioxide)

Gold (Elemental Metal)

Gold (Au)

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) - a variety of Quartz

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline silica (SiO2)

Veined Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz (pebble)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Chalcedony (Common Opal variant)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with varying levels of hydration

Jasper Agate

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Clear Quartz (or Rock Crystal)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Turquoise (beads)

Turquoise; CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O