Sedimentary (Secondary Classification: Cryptocrystalline Quartz)

Chert (Quartz Variety)

Chert (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Blue Chalcedony

Chalcedony (a cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz - SiO₂)

Turquoise (beads)

Turquoise; CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Milky Quartz with Iron Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Mother of Pearl and Onyx

Aragonite (Mother of Pearl) and Chalcedony (Onyx)

Jasper (specifically Yellow and Red Jasper/Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Milky Quartz with Iron Staining

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Limonite/Goethite

Carnelian

Carnelian (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (Quartz/Chalcedony - SiO2)

Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Quartz (Iron-stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Basalt

Mafic Igneous Rock (composed primarily of plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine)

Green Quartz (including Prase or Aventurine variants)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions (likely Actinolite or Chlorite)

Quartz (Iron-stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Picture Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Turritella Agate (Calligrapher Stone)

Silicified Elimia tenera (Chalcedony/Quartz)

Chert Nodule in Limestone

Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2) and Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Basalt Pebble with Quartz Veining

Basalt (extrusive volcanic rock)

Jasper

Jasper (Silica-rich Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Chert (Quartz Pebble)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Rough Quartz in Pegmatite Matrix

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2) in Granitic Pegmatite

Blue Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Rhodochrosite

Manganese carbonate (MnCO3)

Limonite

Limonite (FeOO·nH2O)

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz (Milky Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amygdaloidal Basalt with Zeolite/Quartz Infill

Amygdaloidal Basalt (Host: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 / CaAl2Si2O8; Infill: SiO2 or Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O)

Mookaite Jasper

Siliceous (chert) sedimentary rock, a form of Jasper

Rose Quartz

Rose Quartz (SiO2)

Hematite

Hematite (Iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3)

Green Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron silicate inclusions

Limonite and Goethite

Limonite (hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxide) and Goethite (α-FeO(OH))

Limonite-stained Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide/Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O) staining

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (primarily SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide/Quartz)

Clear Quartz (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chalcedony with inclusions (Agate/Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Basalt with secondary amygdule minerals (likely Epidote or Chlorite)