Igneous

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock, consisting primarily of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs Scale; Color: Salt and pepper appearance (grey, white, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained intrusive crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs Scale
Color: Salt and pepper appearance (grey, white, pink, black)
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified March 28, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (plutonic). Can range in age from the Precambrian era to the Cenozoic, found globally in continental crust.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction (curb stones, pavers, building facades), interior design (countertops, tiles), and as dimension stone for monuments and memorials.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust; Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith. It is one of the hardest natural stones commonly used by humans.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its interlocking visible crystals including clear/grey quartz and opaque white/pink feldspar. Commonly found in mountain ranges and ancient shields. Collectors look for 'Pegmatite' variations with oversized crystals.

Other igneous specimens

See all

Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral