sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (with Iron Oxide cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Red, reddish-brown, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Red, reddish-brown, or orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Red, reddish-brown, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color is caused by the oxidation of iron minerals (hematite) during diagenesis in arid or semi-arid terrestrial environments.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in construction for paving, building facades, and decorative masonry. Also used for grindstones and sometimes for glassmaking if quartz content is high.
Geological facts
The famous red rocks of Sedona, Arizona, and the 'Old Red Sandstone' of Great Britain are classic examples. It serves as a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in desert regions, ancient river beds, and along vertical canyon walls.
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