sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or sandy yellow with visible grains; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic texture with rounded to sub-angular quartz grains; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains).
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, brown, or sandy yellow with visible grains
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or sandy yellow with visible grains; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic texture with rounded to sub-angular quartz grains; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains).
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size (0.0625 to 2 mm). Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in the manufacturing of glass (if high quartz content), and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. This specific specimen appears to be water-worn, resulting in its smooth, rounded 'river stone' shape.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layers or bedding. Found globally in basins and mountainous regions. Collectors look for unique colors or fossil inclusions.
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