sedimentary
Fossiliferous Brachiopod in Shale
Brachiopoda (Phylum) preserved in Carbonaceous Shale
Hardness: 3-5.5 (varies by fossilization and rock density). Color: Dark gray to black matrix with a cream or tan fossil. Luster: Dull/Earthy matrix with a waxy or pearly fossil surface. Structure: Fine-grained clastic matrix with a convex-concave shell shape.
- Hardness
- 3-5
- Color
- Dark gray to black matrix with a cream or tan fossil
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy matrix with a waxy or pearly fossil surface
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-5.5 (varies by fossilization and rock density). Color: Dark gray to black matrix with a cream or tan fossil. Luster: Dull/Earthy matrix with a waxy or pearly fossil surface. Structure: Fine-grained clastic matrix with a convex-concave shell shape.
Formation & geological history
Formed in low-energy marine environments through the accumulation of fine silt and clay particles (organic matter). This specimen likely dates from the Paleozoic era (approx. 250-500 million years ago) when brachiopods were the dominant seafloor organisms.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for educational study, amateur paleontological collecting, and as scientific indicators for geological mapping and relative dating (bio-stratigraphy).
Geological facts
Brachiopods are often called 'lamp shells' because they resemble ancient oil lamps. Despite looking like clams, they are biologically distinct and use a unique feeding organ called a lophophore.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by looking for 'valves' or shell impressions in dark, plate-like sedimentary rocks near ancient ocean basins. Common in the Appalachian Mountains, the UK, and central China. Collectors should look for symmetry along a midline of the shell.
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