Sandstone (likely Arkose or Quartz Sandstone)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, reddish-brown, cream, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Texture: Granular/Clastic (sand-like grains), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material. Commonly deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. Age varies but found in strata from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in construction as a building stone (dimension stone), pavers, flagging, and as a source for glass-making (silica-rich varieties). Also used in landscaping and as an abrasive.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous structures like Petra in Jordan and the White House in the US were built using sandstone.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Often found in distinct layers or beds. It can be found in canyons, beaches, and road cuts globally.

Identified on: 4/22/2026

Mode: Standard