sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose type)
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Greyish-white to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs scale
- Color
- Greyish-white to tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Greyish-white to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral grains or rock fragments (0.0625 to 2 mm in size), typical of riverbeds, beaches, or desert environments. This specific specimen appears to be a river-worn pebble smoothened by water erosion.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, road base, or in glass manufacturing if the quartz content is high enough. Small rounded pebbles are used in landscaping and aquariums.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic red 'Wave' in Arizona and the city of Petra are both famous sandstone formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible granules. Often found in riverbeds, coastal areas, and ancient sedimentary basins.
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