sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular (sand-like grains); Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 6-7
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular (sand-like grains); Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in deserts, riverbeds, or ocean basins.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material for buildings and paving, as a source for glass manufacturing (silica), and as an aquifer for water storage.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient riverbeds or sea floors, providing a snapshot of the geologic past.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sand-like texture when touched. Common in sedimentary basins worldwide. Durable but easily carved for masonry.
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