sedimentary

Brown Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Opaque brown with various shades. Luster: Dull to greasy. Crystal structure: Microcrystalline/Cryptocrystalline. Cleavage: None, conchoidal fracture. Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.

Hardness: 6
Color: Opaque brown with various shades
Luster: Dull to greasy

Identified May 7, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Jasper is a variety of chalcedony formed through the deposition of silica from water. Most brown jaspers are formed in sedimentary environments or as primary minerals in hydrothermal veins where iron oxides contribute to the brown coloration.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative objects, and lapidary work. It was historically used for making projectile points and scrapers due to its hardness and fracture pattern.

Geological facts

Many brown jaspers are often referred to as 'Picture Jasper' if they contain landscape-like patterns created by flow or depositional lines. It has been a popular stone for talismans across many ancient cultures.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass), its smooth, waxy feel, and the lack of visible crystal structures. It is commonly found in riverbeds, desert regions, and areas with volcanic or sedimentary deposits.