sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, cream, with iron staining; Luster: dull, earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6
Color: tan, yellow, cream, with iron staining
Luster: dull, earthy

Identified June 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, cream, with iron staining; Luster: dull, earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments such as beaches, deserts, and floodplains. Lithification occurs over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for paving and building stone. Crushed sandstone is used in road bases and glass manufacturing (if high silica).

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The Antelope Canyon in Arizona is a world-famous example of sculpted sandstone formations.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Commonly found in coastal areas, riverbeds, and arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.