sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years, typically in desert, river, or coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a building material, in paving, for making grindstones, and in the production of glass.
Geological facts
Sandstone is often found in massive layers that preserve evidence of ancient environments, such as fossilized ripples and cross-bedding from ancient dunes.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon lands and coastal regions.
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