igneous

Granite

Phaneritic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, gray, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct on the rock, though component minerals like feldspar show it.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, gray, pink, black)
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified May 10, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is an intrusive rock found in massive plutons and batholiths, often dating from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

Geological facts

Granite makes up the majority of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds and some gemstones.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its interlocking texture of visible crystals (quartz, feldspar, biotite). It is commonly found in mountain ranges and shields. To identify in the field, look for a speckled, crystalline texture that cannot be scratched by a steel blade.

Other igneous specimens

See all

Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral