sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Off-white, yellowish-tan; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Off-white, yellowish-tan
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified April 4, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Off-white, yellowish-tan; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Usually deposited in desert, beach, or river environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used widely in construction (building stone, pavers), as an abrasive in glass making, and as a reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and the ancient city of Petra are composed of sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture. Look for layers (bedding) and grains visible to the naked eye. Commonly found in coastal or arid regions.