sedimentary
Sandstone (specifically Arkose or Siltstone variant)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (conchoidal or irregular fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brownish-orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (conchoidal or irregular fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts). Common in river beds, deserts, and floodplains where sand is deposited and buried over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for house building, paving, and high-quality artistic sculpture due to its durability and soft initial workable state.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks of Colorado and the city of Petra in Jordan are carved directly into sandstone formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). It can be found globally in outcrop formations and mountainous regions.
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