sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains of quartz/feldspar); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or grey
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains of quartz/feldspar); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments over millions of years, typically in desert, river, or ocean beach environments.

Uses & applications

Widely used in construction for building stone, paving, and as an aggregate. It is also a critical reservoir rock for groundwater, oil, and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and the Treasury at Petra are carved into or made of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.