igneous

Granite

Phaneritic Plutonic Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphibole)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Tan, white, and black speckles. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals). Cleavage: Varies by mineral component. Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, white, and black speckles
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified May 7, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. This is a plutonic intrusive rock characteristic of continental crust, often appearing in mountain roots across all geological eras.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith in South Dakota.

Field identification & locations

Identify by looking for visible crystals of multiple colors (salt-and-pepper look). Found globally in mountainous regions and riverbeds as rounded pebbles. Very common in glacial till.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral