sedimentary

Jasper with Iron Staining

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Dark green to brownish-yellow/orange (iron staining), Luster: Dull to waxy, Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline (Trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6

Identified March 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from hydrothermal solutions or volcanic ash into sedimentary environments. The specific coloration suggests iron oxide infiltration during or after formation. Most jasper dates from the Precambrian to present times.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative lapidary arts, and stone healing practices. In some contexts, it is processed for decorative aquarium or landscaping gravel.

Geological facts

Jasper is a variety of chalcedony that is opaque due to high mineral impurities. The word Jasper comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone.' It has been a favored gemstone since antiquity, mentioned in ancient literature and used for seals in Crete.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it should scratch glass), opaque nature, and waxy luster when freshly broken. Commonly found in riverbeds or desert regions globally, especially in Oregon, California, and India. Collectors look for unique banding patterns.

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