sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz); Color: Tan, brown, or brownish-yellow; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz)
Color: Tan, brown, or brownish-yellow
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified June 20, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz); Color: Tan, brown, or brownish-yellow; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the lithification of sand-sized grains, usually quartz and feldspar, deposited in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. Geological age can range from Precambrian to Holocene.

Uses & applications

Widely used in construction for paving, building facades, and decorative tiles. Pure quartz sandstone is used to make glass.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of the sedimentary rock on Earth. It acts as a massive natural filter and reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often found in outcrops, riverbeds, and coastal cliffs. Look for layering (bedding planes).