sedimentary
Hag Stone (Banded Chert or Limestone with Borehole)
Microcrystalline Quartz (Chert) or Calciferous Siltstone (CaCO3/SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (if chert) or 3-4 (if limestone); Color: Grey, brown, tan, and cream banding; Luster: Dull/Waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline/Massive; Presence of a natural 'hag hole' caused by erosion.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Grey, brown, tan, and cream banding
- Luster
- Dull/Waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (if chert) or 3-4 (if limestone); Color: Grey, brown, tan, and cream banding; Luster: Dull/Waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline/Massive; Presence of a natural 'hag hole' caused by erosion.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation of silica-rich or carbonate-rich sediment in prehistoric marine environments, later shaped by mechanical or biological erosion (such as 'piddock' boring bivalves or water action) to create a hole.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a lucky charm, protective talisman in folklore, or as an ornamental/educational piece for rock collectors and beachcombers.
Geological facts
In European folklore, hag stones were believed to protect against witchcraft, nightmares, and the 'evil eye' because 'magic cannot cross running water,' and the hole was created by water.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by looking for stones with naturally occurring, smooth-edged holes through them. Commonly found on pebble beaches or in riverbeds where high water energy occurs.
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