sedimentary
Sandstone (Water-worn Pebble)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, and grey with distinct brownish bedding planes; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific gravity: 2.0–2.6.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, and grey with distinct brownish bedding planes
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, and grey with distinct brownish bedding planes; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific gravity: 2.0–2.6.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (mostly quartz) in marine or river environments. This specific specimen has been Rounded by 'attrition' within a high-energy water environment like a riverbed or beach. Its geological age can range from tens of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as a building material, for paving, and in the manufacturing of glass (if high quartz purity). Smooth pebbles are often used in landscaping, aquariums, and rock tumbling for hobbyists.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth and makes up about 10-20% of all sedimentary rock. The stripes visible on this specimen are 'bedding planes' which represent different layers of sediment deposited over time.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its sandy/gritty texture and visible layering (stratification). It is found globally in basins and along coastlines. For collectors, look for unique patterns or 'picture sandstone' varieties.
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