sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Graywacke or Arkose variant)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 dominated)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Gray to brownish-gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Gray to brownish-gray
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Gray to brownish-gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, lakes, or marine environments. Age varies by location but can range from recent to billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as construction aggregate, road base, and decorative landscaping stone. High-quality sandstone is used in masonry and architecture.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible grains. Often found in outcrops, riverbeds, and as common gravel. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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