sedimentary

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Opaque with multicolored swirl/mottled patterns (brown, tan, white, blue-grey); Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91.

Hardness: 6
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified June 15, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from water-rich environments, often as hydrothermal fluids or as a byproduct of volcanic ash and sedimentary process. It often fills cavities in rocks over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative objects, lapidary art, and as a popular tumbled collector's stone.

Geological facts

Jasper was a favorite gem in the ancient world; its name can be traced back in Hebrew, Assyrian, Persian, Greek and Latin. It is often referred to as the 'supreme nurturer.'

Field identification & locations

Identify by its opacity (unlike translucent agate) and smooth, waxy polish. Often found in riverbeds or coastal areas in India, Russia, Brazil, and the USA (notably Oregon and Idaho).