sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red to deep reddish-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red to deep reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red to deep reddish-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed from the deposition of silica-rich fluids in volcanic ash or sedimentary beds. The red color is caused by the inclusion of iron oxide (hematite) during formation. Jasper beds can date back hundreds of millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, lapidary arts, and historical use for seals or amulets.
Geological facts
Jasper was once considered a precious stone in ancient times and appears in many cultural mythologies as a stone of courage and endurance. It is an opaque variety of chalcedony.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its waxy to dull luster, smooth conchoidal fracture when broken, and extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife). Commonly found in river beds, deserts, and volcanic regions globally.
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