sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (Fe2O3-rich)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite) which suggests formation in an oxidizing terrestrial environment such as a desert or river flood plain.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a building material, paving stones, and for ornamental masonry. Fine-grained varieties are also used as sharpening stones.
Geological facts
The famous red rocks of Sedona, Arizona and the 'Red Rocks' amphitheater in Colorado are composed of this type of stone. The color deepens as the iron minerals oxidize further, similar to rusting.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and distinct reddish-orange layering. Commonly found in arid regions or ancient basin deposits. Collectors look for unique banding patterns called Liesegang rings.
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