sedimentary (anthropogenic/technogenic)
Asphalt (Bituminous Pavement Bit)
Bitumen-bound aggregate (Petrochemical-bound composite)
Hardness: 1-3 (matrix), 6-7 (inclusions); Color: Black or dark grey matrix with white/tan stone inclusions; Luster: Dull to greasy; Structure: Granular/clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.5
- Hardness
- 1-3 (matrix), 6-7 (inclusions)
- Color
- Black or dark grey matrix with white/tan stone inclusions
- Luster
- Dull to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 1-3 (matrix), 6-7 (inclusions); Color: Black or dark grey matrix with white/tan stone inclusions; Luster: Dull to greasy; Structure: Granular/clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.5
Formation & geological history
Formed through industrial mechanical mixing of crushed stone (aggregate) with bitumen (a viscous petroleum derivative). While naturally occurring asphalt exists, this specimen shows characteristic machine-crushed angular gravel typical of modern road construction.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in infrastructure for road surfacing, flooring, and waterproofing. In a geological context, it is considered an 'anthropogenic' or 'technogenic' rock.
Geological facts
Naturally occurring asphalt has been used since ancient times for mummification and waterproofing ships. Modern asphalt is 100% recyclable, making it one of the most recycled materials in the world.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its dark, tar-like matrix and 'pockmarked' or gravelly texture; it often has a distinct petroleum odor when heated or freshly broken. Found globally along transport corridors.
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