sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich water into volcanic ash or fine sediment, where it slowly solidifies over millions of years. Its red color comes from iron (hematite) impurities present during formation.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in lapidary work for cabochons, beads, and carvings. It is also common in decorative masonry, metaphysical collections, and as industrial-grade abrasive material.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used as a gemstone since antiquity and is mentioned in many historical texts, including the Bible and Greek mythology. It was once believed to stop hemorrhages and provide protection during travel.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike quartz or carnelian), waxy to dull surface when unpolished, and its extreme hardness. It won't be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found in Western USA, India, Russia, and Brazil.
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