sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily Quartz, SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich)
Color: Tan, brown, or ochre
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Geologically common in riverbeds, deserts, and marine environments across all geological ages from Precambrian to Holocene.

Uses & applications

Used widely in construction as a building stone (dimension stone), flagging, and as a source of high-purity silica for glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone can be highly porous and often acts as a significant aquifer or reservoir for petroleum and natural gas.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layers of bedding. Often found in outcrops with distinct horizontal or cross-bedded patterning.