sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 predominantly)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Brown, tan, reddish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in deserts, riverbeds, or basins.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, paving, as a decorative building stone, and for glass manufacturing if high in silica.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient water bodies, providing a snapshot of prehistoric environments.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible layers of sediment. Common in arid regions and canyon landscapes like the American Southwest.
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