sedimentary
Asphalt Concrete (Bituminous Concrete)
Bituminous aggregate
Hardness: 1-3 (highly variable), Color: Black to dark grey, Luster: Dull to greasy, Structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None (amorphous binder), Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.5
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Physical properties
Hardness: 1-3 (highly variable), Color: Black to dark grey, Luster: Dull to greasy, Structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None (amorphous binder), Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.5
Formation & geological history
A man-made sedimentary-like composite material consisting of mineral aggregate (sand and gravel) bound together by bitumen (asphalt), an oil-based viscous liquid. Formed through industrial mixing and compaction.
Uses & applications
Primary material for road construction, pavement, parking lots, and roofing shingles. Its durability and weather resistance make it ideal for high-traffic surfaces.
Geological facts
Asphalt is one of the most recycled materials on the planet; in the US, over 99% of asphalt pavement removed during repair is reused in new pavements.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color, granular texture, and petroleum smell when heated. Often found near roadsides, driveways, or construction sites as debris.
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