sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartz-rich)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, and grey-speckled; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: approx 2.0-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Brown, tan, and grey-speckled
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, and grey-speckled; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: approx 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. This specimen shows signs of being water-worn on a beach or riverbed, likely dating from various geologic eras depending on the local strata.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a building material, road base, and for manufacturing glass when quartz content is high. Also common in landscaping and as a sharpening stone.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% to 25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient riverbeds or deserts.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Common in coastal areas, deserts, and sedimentary basins worldwide. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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