Sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (with Iron Oxide pigmentation)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to rust orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Reddish-brown to rust orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to rust orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles (mostly quartz and feldspar). The red color indicates formation in an oxygen-rich environment where iron minerals oxidized. Commonly associated with ancient desert dunes or river beds.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, decorative stone for landscaping, and in the manufacturing of glass or for industrial abrasives if the quartz content is high.
Geological facts
Famous formations include the 'Red Rocks' of Colorado and the Grand Canyon. It has been used in architecture since ancient times; the city of Petra in Jordan is famously carved directly into such sandstone cliffs.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and its visible layering (bedding). It is frequently found in arid regions or as water-worn cobbles in riverbeds. For collectors, look for cross-bedding patterns which indicate ancient wind directions.
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