sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or grayish; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific gravity: 2.2–2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or grayish
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified May 4, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or grayish; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific gravity: 2.2–2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts) in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. It can range from various geological ages, spanning millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used as a building material, decorative stone in landscaping, for making grindstones, and sometimes as a reservoir for oil and natural gas in geological formations.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions worldwide.