Igneous
Granite
Granite
Hardness 6-7, light-colored with dark speckles (biotite/hornblende), medium to coarse-grained, consisting mostly of quartz and feldspar.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6-7, light-colored with dark speckles (biotite/hornblende), medium to coarse-grained, consisting mostly of quartz and feldspar.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Found worldwide in continental crust.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a building material, in monuments, and for countertops. Not typically used in jewelry.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common intrusive igneous rock found in the continental crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking granular texture and the presence of quartz, feldspar, and dark minerals. Common in riverbeds and glacial deposits as rounded cobbles.
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Granite
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Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)
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Dalmatian Jasper
Aplite with Arfvedsonite inclusions
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Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)
Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.
Igneous
Magnetite
Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)
mineral
Blue Apatite
Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
mineral