sedimentary
Jasper (specifically Fancy Jasper or Bloodstone variety)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities (Iron oxides/silicates)
Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Multi-colored with characteristic greens, reds, and browns in swirling patterns; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (Microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.6–2.9.
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Multi-colored with characteristic greens, reds, and browns in swirling patterns; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (Microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.6–2.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed via the deposition of silica from water or hydrothermal fluids into cracks or cavities in other rocks. The colors are derived from mineral inclusions such as hematite (red) or chlorite/silicates (green). It can form in various geological ages ranging from the Precambrian to recent eras.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for lapidary work including cabochons, beads, and architectural ornamentation. It is highly valued by collectors for its aesthetic patterns and used in metaphysical practices for its purported 'grounding' properties.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name comes from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone.' Many ancient civilizations, including the Minoans on Crete and the Egyptians, used jasper for seals and amulets because of its durability.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (unlike translucent agate) and its smooth, waxy feel when tumbled. It cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include India, Brazil, South Africa, and the western United States.
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