sedimentary
Yellow Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, mustard, or gold with brownish swirls; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Yellow, mustard, or gold with brownish swirls
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, mustard, or gold with brownish swirls; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the deposition of silica from water solutions or volcanic ash, occurring in sedimentary beds or volcanic rocks. The yellow color is primarily due to the presence of goethite or other iron oxides.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary work for jewelry, cabochons, beads, and as decorative tumbled stones for collectors.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. It has been used by ancient civilizations for amulets and tools for thousands of years due to its durability and ability to hold a sharp edge.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its opacity, smooth conchoidal fracture, and hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife). Commonly found in riverbeds or desert regions globally, particularly in India, Russia, and the USA.
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