sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily Quartz, SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brown, tan, reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None (fractures across grains), Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified April 10, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brown, tan, reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None (fractures across grains), Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (lithification). Most form in river beds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building stone or paving material; crushed for glass manufacturing, molding sand for metal casting, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it an excellent aquifer, often holding significant amounts of groundwater used for drinking and irrigation.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible layered bedding. Found globally in canyon walls and outcroppings. Collectors look for unique banding patterns like 'Wonderstone' or fossils.