sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose Sandstone)
Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 dominated)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, brownish-beige, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz grains)
- Color
- Tan, brownish-beige, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz grains); Color: Tan, brownish-beige, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. Age varies from Precambrian to Holocene.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as building stone or pavers, as an abrasive for grinding, and as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks in the Earth's crust. Most sandstones are composed of quartz or feldspar because these are the most resistant minerals to weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible mineral grains. It often displays bedding or layering. Found globally in canyon walls and outcrop formations.
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