Rock Identifier
Precious Red Coral (Corallium rubrum / Corallium japonicum) — mineral (organic gemstone)
mineral (organic gemstone)

Precious Red Coral

Corallium rubrum / Corallium japonicum

Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs), Color: Deep red to pink, Luster: Dull (natural) to Vitreous (polished), Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline calcite), Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.7

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs), Color: Deep red to pink, Luster: Dull (natural) to Vitreous (polished), Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline calcite), Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.7

Formation & geological history

Biological formation by marine polyps in deep-sea habitats, typically in the Mediterranean Sea or Pacific Ocean, secreting calcium carbonate skeletons over many years.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry and religious ornamentation.

Geological facts

Precious coral is organic, like pearls or amber. It has been used as a protective amulet since Ancient Roman times and is known for its beautiful branching colonies.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive red color, branch-like structure, and potential wood-grain-like growth rings when viewed under magnification. Found in rocky seabeds at depths of 10 to 300 meters.