sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily composed of SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, or grayish-yellow; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None (distinctive granular texture); Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich)
Color: Tan, brown, or grayish-yellow
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified March 18, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (usually quartz or feldspar). It typically forms in river beds, beaches, or desert environments over millions of years through the process of lithification.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as a building material and paving stone. In industry, it is used as a source of silica for glass manufacturing and for grinding/sharpening tools.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks of Colorado and the ancient city of Petra in Jordan are both carved from sandstone formations.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its sand-like, gritty texture (feels like sandpaper). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for varieties with unique banding (like 'Wonderstone') or fossils.