sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with various cementing agents)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or reddish-orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and subsequent lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. This specimen appears water-worn, indicating it was likely shaped in a riverbed or coastal environment.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for floor tiles and paving, as a decorative stone in landscaping, and historically for grindstones or building permanent structures.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 10-20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Because it is porous, it often serves as an important aquifer for groundwater or a reservoir for petroleum and natural gas.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'gritty' feel, similar to sandpaper, and visible individual grains. It is extremely common worldwide, particularly in ancient basins or plateau regions. Collectors often look for distinct layering or fossils hidden within.
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